Biasing or applying bias means applying a steady dc voltage. Usually, when we apply a voltage across components like resistors, inductors, capacitors, etc. we do not need to consider the polarity of the voltage applied. But in the case of semiconductor devices such as a diode, BJT, FET, etc., the polarity of the voltage is … Read more
Diode a nonlinear device that is used to control the direction of current in a circuit. It is made by combining a piece of p-type and a piece of n-type semiconductor. The layer between p-type and n-type semiconductors is called the depletion region which is made of immobile carriers. A diode has two terminal pins; … Read more
The diode is a unilateral electronic device. It has two terminals termed – Cathode and Anode. When the diode is forward biased i.e., the anode is kept at a higher potential than the cathode, then ideally, the diode acts as a short circuit (zero resistance) and a large current will pass through it even if … Read more
Electronics engineering is one of the popular domains of engineering. We can not imagine our modern society without electronics. Whether it is your television, smartwatch, or the device on which you are reading this article, are all electronic products. Some devices such as a lamp, fridge, air conditioner, music player, audio recorder, etc. have electronics … Read more
A huge part of electronics is made using transistors. Transistors are versatile in nature. They can be used for many purposes such as switching, rectification of AC, amplification of signals, etc. Transistors can also be operated to act as other components such as diode, resistor, etc. The invention of the transistor caused the rapid improvement … Read more
Filters are a special type of circuit that lets signals having a frequency within a specific range pass through it. The frequency range can have a lower cut-off frequency and no upper cut-off frequency or an upper cut-off frequency and no lower cut-off frequency or both upper cut-off and lower cut-off frequency. Filters can also … Read more
Crest factor is defined as the ratio of the peak value (or maximum value) to the RMS value of a waveform. It is denoted by the capital letter ‘C’. It is also known as peak factor. The waveform can be any quantity like current, voltage, etc. Crest factor Formula $\text{Crest factor}=\frac{{A_{peak}}}{{A_{rms}}}$ where, Apeak is the … Read more
Form factor is defined as the ratio of RMS value to the average value of a waveform. The waveform can be quantity like voltage, current, etc. This parameter is generally used in the rectifiers. Form factor Formula $\text{Form factor}=\frac{{A_{rms}}}{{A_{avg}}}$ where, Arms is the rms value of the waveform Aavg is the average value of the … Read more
The output of a practical rectifier is not pure DC. The output current or voltage contains both DC as well as AC components. The presence of the AC component in the DC component causes ripples. Ripple factor measures the percentage of AC component present in the rectifier output. What is Ripple factor? It is defined … Read more
Valence band and conduction band are two different types of energy levels that are separated by some amount of energy. The basic difference between conduction band and valence band is that in the conduction band the electrons which take part in the process of conduction exists while in the valence band the electrons are present … Read more