Battery monitoring is vital for most electric vehicles because the safety, operation and even the life of the passengers depend on the battery system. The major function of the battery management system (BMS) is to check and control the status of the battery within their specified safe operating conditions. One of the important parameters that … Read more
Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery The principles in which NiMH cells operate are based on their ability to absorb, release, and transport (move) hydrogen between the electrodes within the cell. Negative Electrode: Metal Hydride such as AB2 (A=titanium and/or Vanadium, B= Zirconium or Nickel, modified with chromium, Cobalt, iron and/or manganese) or AB5 (A = rare … Read more
Dead Time It is defined as the time required by a measurement system to begin to respond to a change in the measurand. It is basically the time before the instrument begins to respond after the measurand has been changed. Dead Zone Dead zone is defined as the largest change of input quantity for which … Read more
Capacitors use static electricity rather than chemical reactions to store energy. A Capacitor consists of two conducting metal plates with an insulating material called a dielectric in between them. Basically, positive and negative charges build up on the plates and the dielectric (separates two plates) prevents them coming into contact, is what stores the energy. … Read more
The basic difference between Analog & Digital Instrument is given below. S.No. Aspects Analog Instrument Digital Instrument 1. Information form As the position of pointer on a dial/scale As a number 2. Possibility of human error Exists Does not exist 3. Best possible accuracy 0.25% +0.005% or greater 4. Resolution one in several hundreds one part in … Read more
Lithium battery offer greatly increased energy density in comparison with other rechargeable batteries such as lead acid batteries, Ni-MH batteries, etc. The lithium batteries are of following types: Lithium polymer batteries Lithium-ion batteries 1. Lithium polymer battery Negative electrode = lithium metal Positive electrode = transition metal intercalation oxide During Discharging In the resulting chemical reaction, … Read more
Lead Acid Battery A lead acid battery is an electrochemical device that produces voltage and delivers electrical current. Negative Plate → Spongy lead (active material) Positive Plate → Lead dioxide (active material) Electrolyte → Dilute Sulphuric Acid During Discharging The sulphuric acid (H2SO4) combines with the lead and the lead dioxide to produce lead sulphate (PbSO4) and water, … Read more
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020 NEMMP aims to achieve national fuel security by promoting hybrid and electric vehicles in country. It is the ambitious initiatives undertaken by the Government of India for shifting automotive and transportation industry towards eco-friendly vehicles to promote hybrid and electric vehicles in the country to achieve national fuel security. It … Read more
FAME stands for Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric vehicles in India. The FAME India scheme was launched in 2015 under National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP). The limited domestic reserves of the conventional fuels and the rising demand in the automobile sector, are the main reasons to launch FAME India mission. So … Read more
A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device. It converts chemical energy into electrical energy, water, and heat through electrochemical reactions. The voltage generated by a single fuel cell is small (< 1 volt). So many cells are connected in series to generate the desired voltage. A fuel cell has two electrodes, one is … Read more
